Darlene Druyun and Mike Sears Ethical Violation Essay

Misconduct Shocks the Defense Industry In 2003 misconduct of conflict-of-interest laws shocked the defense industry. Serious violations were committed at The Boeing Company by former top Air Force procurement official Darleen Druyun who admitted to helping The Boeing Company obtain a $23 billion tanker refueling contract in exchange for an executive job at the company. While verbally accepting a position with Lockheed Darlene Druyun did not disclose her job negotiations with a Mike Sears a Chief Financial officer while overseeing aerial tanker negotiations between Boeing and the U.S. Air force. This non-commitment to ethical behavior and compliance gave Boeing a competitive advantage while bidding on the contract. There were†¦show more content†¦The Categorical theory is ethical only if it is acceptable for everyone to put into practice. Yes, if this scandal was not brought to the attention of the Boeing and the U.S. Attorneys they may have gotten away with it. Pulling in the other direction, if everyone lied on bidding contracts and favored their each other the world would be in chaos. These two theories are contradictory and leave you to ponder if they are right or wrong, while the categorical theory proves to be unethical. The pull from the virtue theory challenges Boeings leadership to change the culture that allowed violations to occur and to handle the problem before it’s too late. Ethics and compliance are all of our responsibilities as the company motto vs. of the unwritten code of silence and the good old boy motto. The golden rule establishes a culture that ensures that there is no next time because if there not careful it can happen again. The investigations to ok six long years not to mention the world had changed their view of the Boeing Company. A newspaper headline read â€Å"Misconduct Shocks Defense Industry†. This National disgrace stands out, because this violation extends beyond favorable negotiations with Boeing. In this case, Darlene Druyun may have influenced the competition. Lockheed Martin, BAE Systems and Raytheon (in a unit later sold to L-3 Communications) were also in the running for the contract. Druyun never

The Concept of Gender and Gender Identity - 1223 Words

I am interested in the concept of gender and the deeper meaning of being considered a transgendered person. I feel that a lot of people do not know or care to know about these topics on a more in depth level. People who close their eyes to the idea that a person could be born with the physical aspects of a male yet have the psychological aspects of a female and vice versa, tend to be the ones who say that those people are going against nature or god. Discriminating against people on the principles that their view on the matter is right and their main source of information is the bible. I read posts on a weekly basis that have the writer angrily ranting on an ignorant comment made by another person. The posts usually give a very detailed†¦show more content†¦That does not stop most Americans from group up people who are transgendered or those cross-dress and those who are lesbian, gay, or bi-sexual into the same categories. This allows those more intolerant of social differen ces to justify discriminating people of transgender or gay backgrounds under the guise of religious views to deny employment or rights to use their services. Very much like what happened to African Americans in the 19th and 20th century. Like many other subcultures the transgender community faces discrimination. As of 2013 there are 33 states in America that have no state laws protecting transgender people from being fired from the work place. According to Wikipedia (transgender), a federal bill to protect workers from discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity – called the Employment Non-Discrimination Act – has failed to pass several times over the past twenty years. While there is no Federal law protecting against gender discrimination. There are a few states that have their own laws that prohibit discrimination based on gender; (California, Colorado Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts, Maine, Minnesota, New Jersey, New M exico, Nevada, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, New York and Washington and D.C). In more than half of the county a person could have a very hard time finding work or other services if they are found to be transgender. I found from my research that beingShow MoreRelatedThe Concept Of Gender Identity2760 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction: The concept of gender identity can only be formed within society because it reflects social expectations and beliefs regarding gender roles in certain historical period. Several centuries ago women were expected to get married early and concentrate totally on housekeeping, family, and religion. Women were regarded as opposite to men, less intelligent and incapable to be in charge of themselves. They were not allowed to own property, vote on elections, and hold leading positions. FortunatelyRead MoreSociological Concepts Of Family, Gender, And Identity Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay discusses the way in which I understand the sociological concepts of family, gender and race - nuclear family, doing gender, and identity, in particular. Arguably, these three concepts can relate to each individuals life, through different personal experiences. To demonstrate my argument, I highlight relevant situations in my own life that further explain my chosen sociological concepts. The first concept I chose to focus on is family. In particular, the idea of the ‘nuclear family’.Read MoreGender Identity : An Unfamiliar And Confusing Concept956 Words   |  4 PagesGender identity is an unfamiliar and confusing concept to many people. Until recently, Americans have been taught and conditioned to believe that one’s anatomy and genetics are what determines one’s gender. Acting or dressing like the other gender was considered disgusting and taboo, and people who claimed to be transgender were thought of as severely mentally ill. Some would even confuse gender identity with sexual orientation; like believing that all transgender people are gay. However, now thatRead MoreThe concept of social identity, social class,gender and ethnicity.1635 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Identity is the understanding of who we are, and reciprocally, other peoples understanding of themselves. Richard Jenkins believed that this social identity is achieved throug h socialization within social groups. He argued that by placing themselves in the role of others, people, particularly children, gain a greater understanding of the role that they should play. For example, a six-year-old girl playing mommy with her dolls will, as she gets into the role, begin to understand what a motherRead MoreGender Inequality And Racial Inequality Essay924 Words   |  4 PagesFor centuries and even today, gender inequality and racial prejudice continue to exist. Throughout time these concepts have overlapped and intertwined, each other creating complex interactions and a negative influence upon society. In the 1980s, Kimberle Williams Crenshaw through her article, named Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color, introduced the term â€Å"Intersectionality.† Intersectionality, is the theory of how different types of discriminationsRead MoreSocialisation, Personal Identity, Gender Identity And Gender Rol es1313 Words   |  6 PagesSocialisation, Personal identity, Gender Identity and Gender Roles: Boundless.com defines ‘Socialisation’ as â€Å"a term used to refer to the lifelong process of inheriting and disseminating norms, customs and ideologies providing the individual with the skills and habits necessary for precipitating within one’s society, thus the means by which social and cultural continuity are attained† (Boundless.com, 2015). The process of socialisation involves an individual such as an adolescent to have interactionsRead MoreGender, Gender And Race, By Christine Overall And Cressida Heyes1702 Words   |  7 Pagesacceptable. Their arguments are opposing to each other. Overall insists that both surgeries should be acceptable while Heyes does not agree with Overall. They both agree with that race and sex-gender are socially constructed. Thus, Overall has no problem with the concept of identity changes—for both sex-gender and race—however, Heyes argues that they are not constructed in the same way. Christine Overall is advocating the claim that transracial surgery is not problematic if transsexual surgery is acceptableRead MoreThe Influence Of Gender Identity On Graphic Design1255 Words   |  6 PagesThe influence of gender identity on graphic design The perception of gender and its role of establishing personal identities have dramatically changed in recent years. If design is to continue to play a dynamic and constructive role in society, it stands to reason that it has to reflect these changes to be more fluid and nuanced in its interpretation of gender and how design understands gender. The link between design and gender identity is profound because they are essentially bound to cultureRead MoreEssay on Distrinction between Sex, Gender, and Society890 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is the distinction between sex and gender? Is there even a distinction between the two? How are these concepts shaped? Are these two concepts constructed by the same source? The sex-gender distinction wasn’t popularized until the 1970s, when it became the foundation of Western feminist thought. A traditional feminist definition of sex and gender is included in Ann Oakley book, Sex, Gender, and Society, where sex is defined as a biological feature and gender as a â€Å"matter of culture: it refers toRead MoreDifferences Between Girls And Boys893 Words   |  4 Pagesrelevant heuristic that correlated students’ gender identity to what students thought as perceived fit and social accurate behaviors. The article highlights that the male stereotyping of math and sciences implies gr eater misfit between girl’s gender identities. Similarly, the stereotype that effort and engagement at school is feminine leads boys to a misfit between their gender identities. The idea that a school subject being more strongly associated with one gender rather than the other confuses children

An Investigation of Risk Management Practices in Electronic Banking

Question: Discuss about An Investigation of Risk Management Practices in Electronic Banking? Answer: Identification and evaluation of the IT security risk Security threats to the IT structure can be regarded as a champion among those benefits that are generally traded off the most as revealed by the Report on 2014 Verizon Data Breach. The inspiration driving why the main focus is put on the databases as regularly as would be prudent is entirely clear: they fill in as the center of any affiliation that is able to uphold the reports from the clients and, what's more, other mystery information on business (Aljawarneh, 2011). Most important security risk in the operation of Auto Spares and Accessories Limited (ASA) Phishing: This is an exceptionally well known method for accessing the classified data of the true blue client. Regularly this strategy is received by the unapproved client. In the vast majority of the cases, the fraudster joins a connection of hyperlink with the email and after that, it is sent to the authentic client (Yu et al. 2011). The minute client taps on the hyperlink or opens the connection considering it to be verifying malware gets infused in the framework. Next time when the client would include in the online exchange, the malware would begin taking the private and secret information and data. Excessive and Unused Privileges: At the point when some individual is surrendered database preferences that outdo the needs of their occupation work, these focal points can be abused. For the test, a worker of the bank whose occupation necessitates the authority to alter essentially contact data of the record holder may mishandle unnecessary database preferences and augment the record correspondence of an accomplice's record (Imperva, 2015). Further, when some individual alteration parts within an alliance or spurns it in light of current circumstances, reliable his or her path rights to sensitive information don't change. Privilege Abuse: Customers might mistreat authentic database advantages for the purposes that are generally unapproved. Consider an inward restorative administration's application used for observing solitary records of the patient using an interface that is the custom web (Baracaldo and Joshi, 2013). The web application conventionally limits customers for watching the social protection history of an individual tolerant various patient records could be found in the meantime, and electronic copies are not allowed. Malware: Computerized gangsters, developers bolstered by state, and the spies make the use of consolidating in order to cut edge level of diverse ambush systems, for instance, embedding the malware with the additional phishing messages. With the help of this method, they get the chance to be prepared to assault the vulnerable data of the affiliations (Pilling, 2013). Along these lines, the honest to goodness customers transform into the certain setback of these social affairs of software engineers as they frequently stay unmindful of such activities. Exposure of Storage Media: Support stockpiling media is routinely and absolutely unshielded from strike. Accordingly, different security breaks might have integrated the burglary of tapes and circles of database support. In addition, powerlessness to survey and sieve out the activities of executives having low-level right to use to fragile information can place the data at risk (D'Agostino and Wilshusen, 2011). Taking appropriate measures for safeguarding fortification copies of fragile data and filter out the most astoundingly extraordinary customers is a data best practice of security, and additionally instructed by multiple regulations. Use of Disposed and the Databases Wrongly Configured: It is elementary to locate the unprotected and unmodified databases, or to discern databases that yet have some of the recordings for sure and parameters for setup. Aggressors have the knowledge of the means to shove these susceptibilities to dispatch strikes against the affiliation (Yu, Kim and Unland, 2011). Sadly, affiliations routinely struggle to keep on centered of maintain the database setups despite the availability of the patches. Average issues join high mounting and workloads abundances for the relevant database heads, mind boggling and dull needs for examining the patches, and the test of finding a bolster window to cut down and make a try at what is consistently named a business-essential system (Durbin, 2011). Sensitive Data managed improperly: Various associations fight to carry on an exact load of their related databases and the essential data things contained within them. Tricky data in these databases will encounter the perils provided the needful controls and assents are not completed. Denial of Service: This is regarded as an assault exceptionally broad in nature in which the true blue clients are unable to obtain the information within the utilizations of system (Kiltz, 2011). Few of the procedures arrive to execute such a situation. An extremely basic strategies is to redevelop the assets recognized with the main server by throwing enormous number of questions or with a little amount of inquiries that are all around made and proficient to devour the assets of the framework in an unbalanced way (Pilling, 2013). As an unavoidable result, in either of the cases the primary servers begin starving and get to be inert and even crash additionally now and again. Controlled Proficiency of Education and Security: Within the security regulations are not becoming according to the data improvement and controls, keep up approaches, or synchronize the frames of scene response. As revealed by a report, 30 percent of burst scenes of data, the key hidden driver was designated the "human component" toward the end of the day, an insensitive delegate or contractual work. Multiple affiliations generally are not very much equipped to entail a security break (D'Agostino and Wilshusen, 2011). Routinely this is an outcome of the nonattendance of eligibility required to execute security controls, keep up the approaches, or organize the scene response frames. Mitigation strategy of these risks ASA can adopt Six different classes of arrangements can be arranged in that give the patches and settles against the security dangers specified above and along these lines gives the commendable best practices. Mitigating for DoS: Escalated Understanding of the vulnerabilities that can risk the databases through data implantation is to an awesome degree required. Malware might try to misuse the database exposures that are hidden, and thus making them an accommodating target. The Denial of Service (DoS) ambush to the application-layer can be engaged by the powerless guidelines of check by permitting the passage to a particular database without necessitating a mystery key (Kiltz, 2011). Mitigation of Risks from wrongly configured databases: Scoring of the perils is fundamentally performed taking into account the severity of the susceptibilities as well as on the affectability of the information (Turiel, 2011). The standards for the Severity are to be subject to recognized frameworks like the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS). Alternate points of view like the threat, organization, and investigation of the vulnerabilities could be sorted out by the peril score. Under this situation, more noteworthy scores of peril would compare to the infusion of the data (Mansfield-Devine, 2011). Mitigation of the Vulnerabilities: On the off chance that any weakness is discovered and the database merchant have not yet discharged a scrap, a reply for the virtual fixing has to be utilized (Lesk, 2013). These fundamental patches would keep on conflicting the activities to make use of the receptiveness without the necessity of real fixes or adjustment to the current setup of the server until and otherwise they get crushed (D'Agostino and Wilshusen, 2011). Mitigation from malware and virus attacks: The hosts contaminated by the malware could be recognized in order for keeping these devices from obtaining the doorway to the helpless data in the databases as well as to the unstructured information stores too (Hipgrave, 2013). Recognize and Categorize Susceptible Data: The articles, columns and the qualities of the databases can be examined to pinpoint the powerless information (Turiel, 2011). The arrangements of information order could be utilized that are familiar with different sorts of information like Visas, mail addresses, and the character numbers adequate all across the country, and which the custom information sorts can be included with also (Baracaldo et al. 2013). Mitigation Solution for external data: The long haul procedures of information archival could be robotized. Arrangements that could be intended for chronicling information intermittently to the frameworks for outside mass stockpiling ought to be utilized (Imperva, 2015). The decision for the discretionary pressure, encryption and sign before the archival ought to likewise arrive. Mitigation Solution for Phishing: The defenseless information ought to be encoded the whole way across the situations of the database non-uniform in nature (Genera, 2015). This empowers one to defend both generation and recuperation documents of databases. Thereafter, the action and get to control to the vulnerable information from the clients fit to get to the databases at the OS and levels of capacity must be inspected. Mitigation from excessive and unprivileged access: The staff of data security is to be contracted who are sufficiently gifted in IT Security and have satisfactory involvement in the usage, organization, and observing of security answers for ensures against an expanded arrangement of dangers both inside and outer (Baracaldo and Joshi, 2013). The instruction and preparing continuous in nature are additionally essential for creating learning. Risk Assessment Procedures In the previous task module, the identification and evaluation of the potential risks that lay underneath the IT operations of Auto Spares and Accessories Limited (ASA). The next phase after the successful identification of the risk is that the ASA must develop an effective and efficient method to handle the risks. After analyzing the risks in the dedicated web based architecture of ASA, the risk needs to be treated and monitored. Treating and monitoring the risks to control the harms known as risk assessment process. Managing the risk in ASA follows different procedures like developing a way to spot the risk from happening or accepting the risk by assigning some tasks to other entities and neutralizing it (McNeil, Frey, and Embrechts, 2015). In ASA, the potential risks are identified and then treated to minimize them. Evaluating the data protection procedure in the ASA Treating and evaluating Phishing Activity in ASA: Phishing in ASA is treated as a vital threat to the customers as well as the company for the transaction. Phishing attacks are anonymous and steal the users banking ID and password without their knowledge. Since APA is considering the to make their online purchasing of products totally online based; the security and protestation against simple phishing or the more advanced spear phishing are necessary. In ASA, phishing activity can be controlled by guarding their single computer connected to the network from spam messages and ensuring that no personal financial data is never being communicated through emails or insecure hyperlink websites (Hong, 2012). The Security system of ASA always needs to update with firewalls and antivirus to protect the system from new and advanced attacks. Regular monitoring for phishing attacks is needed. Treating Excessive and Unused Privileges: ALL the data in ASA is backed up in a single database. It is highly recommended to secure the database from any risk. The excessive usage of the database can be controlled by revising the security control of the database and the access policies (Akanji, and Elusoji, 2014). Since the database is also accessible to the customers to search through different products, the integrity and isolation of the database must be ensured. The segmentation between the various sub-databases of the single database architecture needs to be protected by the firewall. Regular update and checking of any unusual activity in the database will help in preventing the risks involved. Privilege Abuse: According to ACFE (Association of Certified Fraud Examiners), a typical corporation loses about 5% of their annual revenue every year because of privileged access to their employees (Thakkar, 2015). In order to stop the privilege abuse in ASA, the number of privileged accounts is ASA database needs to be reduced. The ASA need to train their employees efficiently about the different attacks and the practice of logging out of their account. PUMA (Privileged User Monitoring and Access) should be installed in the ASA IT system to monitor every activity of the user (Ramstrom, 2013). Treating Malware: All the data and information about the different product in ASA warehouse is stored in the single database architecture connected to a single computer. The malware poses a constant threat to the system that effect in identity risk, loss of information and security (Zhang-Kennedy, Chiasson, and Biddle, 2014). To protect against malware attack, the computer need to protect with robust security management system with software with regular updates and monitoring. A secure ISP (Internet service provider) must be entrusted with for online transaction. Security in the telecommunication system of ASA is a must because all the conformation and the queries are dealt through the telephone. Treating Storage Media Exposure: The magnetic tapes used to store the data from the stock database must be utilized in a clean environment and updated regularly. Storing the magnetic disk in protected area in will protect them from data loss and in the case of thefts (Galliers, and Leidner, 2014). In ASA, a single computer is connected to the network. It must be ensured that no external device like portable hard disks and pen-drive are connected to the computer. Regular and routine check on the storage media will prevent the risks of information loss. Treating the Database Faulty Configurations: The database that is initially configured in ASA system has a glitch in it. The database duplicated each and every record by itself every time the database is updated. This prevents redundancy in the database. The database design and operations need to configure correctly to stop anomalies in the database (Power and Kramer, 2015). Regular monitoring and checking need to perform in the backup databases as well to check for any data loss and faulty configuration resulting in defective results. Treating the Denial of Service Attack: In ASA, the Dos attack in the system will not effect in losing the information. The Dos attack in the system will prevent the authorized users from accessing the network. This will result in a great loss in terms of time and revenue. In ASA, since a single computer is connected to the dedicated system, the administration needs to know the complete detail of the database as well as system configuration in case of DoS attacks. Only the monitoring the network will not prevent the DoS attack (Tan et al., 2014). To prevent DoS attack, a strong firewall must be installed on the system that checks through every level in the architecture and report to the administration whenever a single doubt arises. All the users of the ASA online dedicated services must completely now about the tasks they are doing and their configuration. In the case of DDoS (Dedicated Denial of Services) attack, when the flooding attack comes from different IP addresses, it becomes difficult to block the every single IPs. In the case of emergency, ASA must develop an Emergency Operating Procedure (EOP) to deal with the situation (Bevilacqua, Ciarapica, and Paciarotti, 2012). Regulation and Recommendation applicable to ASA According to Legislation.gov.uk (2016), the Data Protection Act 1998, revised and brought to action from 2nd January 2016, ASA is obliged to follow the strict rules as applies to the Data Protection Act (Adelola, Dawson and Batmaz, 2014). Concerning the current UK legislation act, the ASA must lawfully use the data and only for the purpose of online transaction made by the customers. The Data Protection Act also states that ASA must not keep the personal information provided by the customer must not be held any longer till necessary. It is the authority of ASA to keep the data and information safe and to ensure the information provided by the customer for the transaction and buying of Auto spare parts must not be transferred without sufficient protection and security outside the Economic area of Europe. The Computer Misuse Act 1990 (Legislation.gov.uk, 2016) secures the computer data and programs from unauthorized access. The Act also defines the act of accessing the computer with th e intention of doing a crime is also referred as a crime. To abide by the Data Protection Act, ASA must follow some rules during the transfer of order and personal data. The personal data if recorded or is processed while the transfer is caught by the Act. To protect the data of ASA, the personal information must be regularly updated and eradicate the unnecessary data from the database. The IP address while receiving and sending orders must be tracked to verify the source of data. Every time, any personal data is uploaded to the system must be adequately stored, verified and filed. A powerful, robust security management system and firewall must be installed by ASA to protect the information provided by online customers. To protect the Computer Misuse Act, the authentication, and verification all the user of the computer is essential in ASA (Fafinski, 2013). Physical Security Issue in ASA Apart from the digital data and risks in information management, APA is prone to the physical security issue. The physical component of ASA is a single PC connected to a secure and dedicated web service that is connected to a backup database of the information. ASA also uses a telephone for clarification of any doubts by the customers and has two identical printers used for printing the invoices and receipts. In most of the cases, it is seen the data remains vulnerable due to irresponsibility and ignorance of the employees. The ASA employee must be verified and authenticated every time they log into the computer. Training of the employees is required about strong password protection and related risks involving with them. Access to the ASA warehouse must be controlled with the identity authentication techniques like the biometric scanner, smart cards or magnetic cards. Efficient and effective sensors and alarm system ensuring informing any risks (Whitman, and Mattord, 2013). By instal ling a fire control system in ASA will prevent the loss of data and revenue in case of emergency. A good communication system between the employees of ASA must be developed to inform the ASA to prevent any theft and fraud. Implementation of Security Policy in ASA The ASA online system of selling its goods is venerable to different risks and threats. Protecting and monitoring the database from data losses and malicious threats is one part of the security. For the overall protection of ASA in every aspect, a strong security system needs to be designed and implemented (Fernandez-Buglioni, 2013). The IT policy will be able to authenticate the access of information, application of the personal information available in ASA database, modify the existing data, removing unnecessary data, and even obstructing the access of data by unauthenticated users. The designs of the security system of ASA follows a particular procedure- Investigation of the security issues and risks in the ASA and identify the objective and mission of the organization. The logical design phase provides a model to bring all the solutions regarding security in one place. In the next stage of physical design, the necessary technologies and techniques are gathered to implement the design in the implementation phase. After the successful implementation of the process the areas o further enhancement of the security is focused. Figure1: Process of Design of the Security Policy (Source: Lincke, 2015, pp-128 ) Investigation: After the thorough investigation of the IT system in ASA, various vulnerable areas were identified. The back-up database used by the ASA automatically duplicates every entry in the system. The ASA system does not have any e-mail facility setup for customer queries and support. The two identical printers used are not solely for invoices. The ASA website is directly connected to the ASAs accessories stock database that makes it a vulnerable place for an attack. Initially, the database were controlled by a web hosting company but nowadays it is controlled by ASAs employee. The untrained employees pose a risk. The network of ASA is comprised of only one PC, and there is no back facility for DoS or any other severe condition. The security system of ASA both Physical and Software are weak and does not have a potential security (Abdou, English and Adewunmi, 2014). In order to store the customers personal information including banking details and addresses within the ASA by st rictly following the Government rules and regulation, a strong security system is evident. Analysis: The investigation process has thrown light into the loopholes present in the current security system of ASA. The analysis of the given condition showed that ASA is endangered against the human errors or the mistakes committed by the employees of ASA. The ASA has no intention of increasing the number of workers that has technical knowledge. There is a great an area of competitors trying to access the system and collect data. This put the ASA system vulnerable to threats. For not having any firewall or strong security ASA is under continuous attack of various malware. Having a DoS attack and hardware failure will prove to be disastrous since ASA has no backup or infrastructural support (Basile et al., 2013). The different types of equipment, including the backup database and the in formations, can be easily moved without any authorizations. Logical Design: The security system design for ASA must be effective and efficient. The security policy and the system designed can authenticate and authorize the user and every employee of ASA. The security system is designed keeping in mind the security policy of UK legislations. The logical design made for ASA also controls the physical security the entire network element as well as the auto spare parts in the warehouse. The design also covers the acquisition of information system and the operations management process. Physical Design: The physical design of the security system of ASA includes the authentication and authorization of the employees at every level in ASA. The physical security needs to increase by installing CCTV cameras and identification of the employees by biometric scanner. This will decrease the chance of misplacement of assets within ASA and minimize the chance of theft (Baker, and Benny, 2012). The number of computers in the network needs to increase for smooth operations, time utilization and handle large traffic online. Implementation: Studying the logical and physical Design for the security system, an advanced more secure system was installed in ASA. The warehouse of ASA is secured by the CCTVs by observing every activity in real time. The systems and software of the network are updated, and the firewall is activated. The antivirus software is also upgraded to meet the security need. The architecture of the database is redesigned to prevent the duplicity of the users information. The connection of the website directly to the stock database is changed to prevent the malware attack. Since ASA would not be hiring more employees, the training program of the existing employee is initiated. Maintenance: The security system of ASA is implemented successfully, and full system is under complete observation for further enhancement of the system. Access to ASAs stock The IT department of ASA needs to divert their focus on the security including the authentication and authorization of their employee. The security access to the ASAs stocks includes the passwords verification. The strong formulation of a password is required so avoid the amateur guessing. A strong password can be formed by combining numeric and alphabetical values and, at least, one special symbol. In a case of password loss, access can be recovered email verification using OTP. The strength of the password can be determined by various softwares that include data encryption. Furthermore, complex password entropy algorithm can be implemented while auto-generation of a password. Contingency Planning for Human Resources In the training program, the employees will be educated about the different risks involved in the system and case of emergency how to deal with them. In the case of absence of the staff in any situation, a backup system needs to be initiated also been developed. In the case of system failure, a contract has been made with the web-hosting company to look after the stocks of the website temporarily. Gathering and Record of Information A CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) need to be installed in ASA to look over every activity in the warehouse. The database also records the login and logout details of every verified user. The login verification will be done with fingerprint verification in the warehouses. Furthermore, the authentication and identification of user in ASAs system will be accomplished with verified userid and password. Scheduling Audits The database of the website will be regularly analyzed and detect for any malfunctions. ASA has schedule different audits every month to ensure the standard procedure been adhere to. References Abdou, H., English, J. and Adewunmi, P., (2014). An Investigation Of Risk Management Practices In Electronic Banking: the case of the UK banks.Banks and Bank Systems,9(3). Adelola, T., Dawson, R. and Batmaz, F., (2014), December. Privacy and data protection in E-commerce: The effectiveness of a government regulation approach in developing nations, using Nigeria as a case. InInternet Technology and Secured Transactions (ICITST), 2014 9th International Conference for(pp. 234-239). IEEE. Akanji, A.W. and Elusoji, A.A., (2014). A Comparative Study of Attacks on Databases and Database Security Techniques. Aljawarneh, S. (2011). A web engineering security methodology for e-learning systems.Network Security, 2011(3), pp.12-15. Baker, P.R. and Benny, D.J., (2012).The complete guide to physical security. CRC Press. Baracaldo, N. and Joshi, J. (2013). An adaptive risk management and access control framework to mitigate insider threats.Computers Security, 39, pp.237-254. Basile, C., Canavese, D., Lioy, A. and Pitscheider, C., (2013), February. Improved reachability analysis for security management. InParallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing (PDP), 2013 21st Euromicro International Conference on(pp. 534-541). IEEE. Bevilacqua, M., Ciarapica, F.E. and Paciarotti, C., (2012). Business process reengineering of emergency management procedures: a case study.Safety science,50(5), pp.1368-1376. D'Agostino, D. and Wilshusen, G. (2011).DOD faces challenges in its cyber activities. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Govt. Accountability Office. Durbin, S. (2011). Information security without boundaries.Network Security, 2011(2), pp.4-8. Fafinski, S., (2013).Computer Misuse: Response, regulation and the law. Routledge. Fernandez-Buglioni, E., (2013).Security patterns in practice: designing secure architectures using software patterns. John Wiley Sons. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E., (2014).Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Hipgrave, S. (2013). Smarter fraud investigations with big data analytics.Network Security, 2013(12), pp.7-9. Hong, J., (2012). The state of phishing attacks.Communications of the ACM,55(1), pp.74-81. Imperva, (2015).Cyber Security Leader | Imperva, Inc.. [online] Available at: https://www.imperva.com [Accessed 26 Dec. 2015]. Kiltz, L. (2011). The Challenges of Developing a Homeland Security Discipline to Meet Future Threats to the Homeland.Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 8(2). Legislation.gov.uk, (2016).Computer Misuse Act 1990. [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/18/contents [Accessed 9 Jan. 2016]. Legislation.gov.uk, (2016).Data Protection Act 1998. [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/29/contents [Accessed 9 Jan. 2016]. Lesk, A. (2013). Comment on Comparing proteins by their internal dynamics: Exploring structurefunction relationships beyond static structural alignments by C. Micheletti.Physics of Life Reviews, 10(1), pp.33-34. Lincke, S., (2015). Designing Information Security. InSecurity Planning(pp. 115-133). Springer International Publishing. Mansfield-Devine, S. (2011). DDoS: threats and mitigation.Network Security, 2011(12), pp.5-12. McNeil, A.J., Frey, R. and Embrechts, P., (2015).Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques and Tools: Concepts, Techniques and Tools. Princeton university press. Pilling, R. (2013). Global threats, cyber-security nightmares and how to protect against them.Computer Fraud Security, 2013(9), pp.14-18. Power, M.A. and Kramer, R., Symbion Systems, Inc., (2015).Process control method with integrated database for electronically documenting the configuration, modification and operation of a controlled process. U.S. Patent 8,996,449. Ramstrom, C.J., Computer Associates Think, Inc., (2013).Privileged activity monitoring through privileged user password management and log management systems. U.S. Patent 8,516,107. Tan, Z., Jamdagni, A., He, X., Nanda, P. and Liu, R.P., (2014). A system for denial-of-service attack detection based on multivariate correlation analysis.Parallel and Distributed Systems, IEEE Transactions on,25(2), pp.447-456. Thakkar, J., (2015). DATABASE SECURITY ENCRYPTION: A SURVEY STUDY.Management,1(4), pp.379-383. Turiel, A. (2011). IPv6: new technology, new threats.Network Security, 2011(8), pp.13-15. Whitman, M. and Mattord, H., (2013).Management of information security. Cengage Learning. Yu, J., Kim, M. and Unland, R. (2011).Database systems for advanced applications. Berlin: Springer. Zhang-Kennedy, L., Chiasson, S. and Biddle, R., (2014). Stop clicking on update later: Persuading users they need up-to-date antivirus protection. InPersuasive Technology(pp. 302-322). Springer International Publishing.

King Lear Essays (741 words) - King Lear, Cordelia, Fool, Lear

King Lear King lear Assignment English OAC Shakespeare's tragedy King Lear is a detailed description of the consequences of one man's decisions. This fictitious man is Lear, King of England, who's decisions greatly alter his life and the lives of those around him. As Lear bears the status of King he is, as one expects, a man of great power but sinfully he surrenders all of this power to his daughters as a reward for their demonstration of love towards him. This untimely abdication of his throne results in a chain reaction of events that send him through a journey of hell. King Lear is a metaphorical description of one man's journey through hell in order to expiate his sin. As the play opens one can almost immediately see that Lear begins to make mistakes that will eventually result in his downfall. The very first words that he speaks in the play are :- ...Give me the map there. Know that we have divided In three our kingdom, and 'tis our fast intent To shake all cares and business from our age, Conferring them on younger strengths while we Unburdened crawl to death... (Act I, Sc i, Ln 38-41) This gives the reader the first indication of Lear's intent to abdicate his throne. He goes on further to offer pieces of his kingdom to his daughters as a form of reward to his test of love. Great rivals in our youngest daughter's love, Long in our court have made their amorous sojourn, And here are to be answered. Tell me, my daughters (Since now we will divest us both of rule, Interest of territory, cares of state), Which of you shall we say doth love us most? That we our largest bounty may extend where nature doth with merit challenge. (Act I, Sc i, Ln 47-53) This is the first and most significant of the many sins that he makes in this play. By abdicating his throne to fuel his ego he is disrupts the great chain of being which states that the King must not challenge the position that God has given him. This undermining of God's authority results in chaos that tears apart Lear's world. Leaving him, in the end, with nothing. Following this Lear begins to banish those around him that genuinely care for him as at this stage he cannot see beyond the mask that the evil wear. He banishes Kent, a loyal servant to Lear, and his youngest and previously most loved daughter Cordelia. This results in Lear surrounding himself with people who only wish to use him which leaves him very vulnerable attack. This is precisely what happens and it is through this that he discovers his wrongs and amends them. Following the committing of his sins, Lear becomes abandoned and estranged from his kingdom which causes him to loose his sanity. While lost in his grief and self-pity the fool is introduced to guide Lear back to the sane world and to help find the lear that was ounce lost behind a hundred Knights but now is out in the open and scared like a little child. The fact that Lear has now been pushed out from behind his Knights is dramatically represented by him actually being out on the lawns of his castle. The terrified little child that is now unsheltered is dramatically portrayed by Lear's sudden insanity and his rage and anger is seen through the thunderous weather that is being experienced. All of this contributes to the suffering of Lear due to the gross sins that he has committed. The pinnacle of this hell that is experienced be Lear in order to repay his sins is at the end of the play when Cordelia is killed. Lear says this before he himself dies as he cannot live without his daughter. Howl, howl, howl! O, you are men of stones. Had I your tongues and eyes, I'd use them so That heaven's vault should crack. She's gone for ever! I know when one is dead, and when one lives. She's dead as earth. Lend me a looking glass. If that her breath will mist or stain the stone, Why, then she lives. (Act V, Sc iii, Ln 306-312) All of this pain that Lear suffered is traced back to the single most important error that he made. The choice to give up his throne. This one sin has proven to have massive repercussions upon Lear and the lives of those around him eventually killing almost all of those who were involved. And one is left to ask one's self if a single wrong turn can do this to Lear then what difficult corner lies

How to Win the Gates Scholarship

How to Win the Gates Scholarship SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The Gates Scholarship is a program with a huge impact. Launched in 2017, the program's mission is to give opportunities to outstanding minority students to reach their highest potential. In this guide, I'll go through all the details of the scholarship and the application protocols. After that, I'll give you expert tips and strategies for putting together the strongest Gates Scholarship application possible. Read on to learn more! Note:TheGates Scholarship was established in 2017 as a replacement for the Gates Millennium Scholars Program, which reached its goal of 20,000 scholars in 2016. What Is the Gates Scholarship? The primary mission of the Gates Scholarship is toincrease the number of underrepresented minorities in all majors. By offering outstanding scholars better educational opportunities, the program aims todevelop a diversified group of future leaders for America. Each year, 300student leaders are selected for the Gates Scholarship, with each winner receiving funding for the full Cost of Attendance to an accredited four-year US university or college. Compared with other impressive corporate scholarships, the Gates Scholarship is especially comprehensive and generous. In addition to funding, it offers a widestructure of support, guidance, and mentoring. Overall, the Gates Scholarship provides the following: Renewable educational funding:The scholarshipcovers any unmet need and self-help aid (in other words, instead of having to take out loans and do a work-study job, the scholarship would cover those Cost of Attendance expenses) for up to five years. Online support services: Services offered to scholarshipwinnersinclude academic support, mentoring, professional advice and guidance, and help with financial literacy. The total amount of aid you're eligible to get will depend onyour amount of unmet need. Unmet need is the difference between your school's Cost of Attendance (room, board, tuition, fees, books, and personal expenses) and the amount you’ve received in grants and/or scholarships. The larger your unmet need is, the larger your scholarship award will be. Your total amount of aid will also depend on how long you’re able to renew the scholarship. As long as you meet renewal qualifications every year, youcan continue to receive funds for up to five years for a bachelor's degree program. Are You Eligible for the Gates Scholarship? To be considered for the Gates Scholarship, you must meet allthe following criteria: Be a high school senior Be African-American, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian American/Pacific Islander, and/or Hispanic American Be a US citizen, legal permanent resident, or national Have a cumulative 3.3 GPA on an unweighted 4.0 scale Meet federal Pell Grant eligibility criteria (this means that you must demonstrate significant financial need- check out our Pell Grant eligibility guide to learn more) Plan to enroll full-time in a four-year (bachelor's) degree program at an accredited, not-for-profit US college or university Ideal applicants will also have the following traits, per the Gates Scholarship website: An ideal candidate will demonstrate: Outstanding academic performance (Students in the top 10% of his/her graduatingclass) Leadership ability (e.g., as shown through participation in community service, extracurricular, or other activities) Exceptional personal success skills (e.g., emotional maturity, motivation, perseverance, etc.) If you meet all the above eligibility criteria, you're on the right track to getting a Gates Scholarship. What Do You Need to Apply for the Gates Scholarship? Before you get to work on your Gates Scholarship application, you'll need to gather some important information. From your guidance counselor, you'll need to get the following: Your full academic record Your cumulative GPA Your class rank Your Enrollment Verification From the college/university you plan to attend, you'll need the following: Your college acceptance letter (again, this must be a four-year, accredited, not-for-profit US college or university) Your Financial Aid Award letter You'll also need some family financial information, including the following: Your status as either a dependent or independent student Your personal gross annual income from the past year Next, you'll need to prepare names, dates, and descriptions of participation for the following: A list of your leadership roles and experiences A list of community service experiences A list of employment experiences Finally, you'll need to have your SAT/ACT scores handy. All applicants mustmake aMyTGS Profileand apply through their online account. Note thatthe Gates Scholarship application processconsists of two phases, with each phase having its own application and selection process. The Phase 1 application consists of a questionnaire- that's it! If you get to Phase 2, you'll need to submit another application that's a bit denser and will take more time; this one includes another questionnaire, essays, updated transcripts, and letters of recommendation. What Is the Gates Scholarship Application Timeline? This year, the Gates Scholarship application opened on July 15, 2018; the deadline for submission was September 18, 2018. Selections will be made in April 2019, with awards given out from July to September. Below is the annual timeline for the Gates Scholarship: Phase 1 July: Phase 1 application opens September:Phase 1 application deadline December: Semi-finalists announced Phase 2 December: Phase 2 application opens January:Phase 2 application deadline March:Finalists announced; interviews for finalists April: New class of scholars announced Fall: Scholarships disbursed to winners Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. It's time to get tactical. Strategies: How to Increase Your Odds of Winning the Gates Scholarship Every year 300 scholarships are awarded through this program, but that doesn’t mean the Gates Scholarship isn’t competitive. If you want a chance at winning this prestigious scholarship, you’ll have to dedicate yourself 100% to the application process. Winners come from all over the country, with many scholarship recipients ending up at prestigious colleges. The strategies I'll present here won't just help you strengthen your application for the Gates Scholarship but willalso help you more generally with your college applications. The best candidates for the Gates Scholarship will be motivated, high-achieving students with strong resumes, transcripts, and test scores- basically, the students who prepare themselves well for college. As you might expect, the best way to effectively implement the strategies below will be to start the scholarship application process as early as possible. We've divided the strategies into two sections depending on where you're at in school and the application process. Scenario 1: You're in Your Early Years of High School If you're still just a freshman or sophomore and want to get a head start on looking good for the Gates Scholarship, here are four important tips to keep in mind. #1: Demonstrate Academic Excellence Competition for the Gates scholarship is stiff. In order to be a strong applicant, you should strive for more than the minimum GPA (3.3).Be sure to take advanced, honors, and AP classes when available, and actively seek out extra help from your teachers in any weaker subjects. Take those opportunities to develop strong relationships with teachers, tutors, and/or mentors. #2: Cultivate Leadership Skills Many scholarships, including the Gates Scholarship, want to invest in future leaders and innovative pioneers. One of the best ways to prove you have leadership potential is to actively develop your leadership skills as a student. Here are some ways you can do this: Actively participate in your classes. Volunteer to lead discussions or group projects. Help out other classmates who might be struggling with a particular problem or concept. Join clubs or extracurricular activities that ignite your passions and interests. Focus on quality over quantity; invest in fewer activities but stick with them. If the opportunity presents itself, move up to team captain or a club officer role. The more your instructors, coaches, and peers respect you, the easier it will be to assume a leadership role. #3: Commit to Community Service The Gates Scholarship isn't just for helping individuals achieve their own personal goals;it'salso for aiding in the betterment of whole communities. An ideal Gates Scholarship applicant will use opportunities they'll get through the scholarship to give back to their communities. You can demonstrate your commitment to service by choosing(and sticking with) a community service or volunteer position. Ideally, this should be something you participate in regularly, on a weekly or so basis. If you’re thoughtful about choosing where you volunteer and spend time doing something you’re passionate about, it’ll definitely pay off when you submit your scholarship application. #4: Develop Relationships With Educators and Mentors It's important to have wise people around you who can offer you trusted guidance and advice. It's also important to have good relationships with people who can serve as recommendation writers for any scholarships you apply to. If you have respect for a particular class or activity, your teacher or mentor will come to respect you- that’s Step 1. To work on further developing these relationships, you can do the following: Go to office hours to ask for extra help on tricky problems or concepts Actively participate in class, practice, or club meetings Go to your teachers, coaches, or mentors with questions that might be outside the scope of your regular curriculum; this demonstrates intellectual curiosity Scenario 2: You've Made It to Phase 2 of the Gates Scholarship The following three tips are for high school seniorswho've made it past the Phase 1 questionnaire and are ready to get started on the much heavier Phase 2 application for the Gates Scholarship. #1: Plan Ahead Recall that you'll need letters of recommendation for this part of the application. It’s important to give your recommendation writers as much time to write their letters as possible. And since you'll only have about a month after you move to Phase 2 before your application is due, it's imperative that youfind and secure a recommender as soon as you are told you're a semi-finalist. #2: Invest in Your Essays If the Gates Scholarship evaluators only cared about your grades and resume, they wouldn’t ask you to write essays. So how can you ensure that your essays are great? First off, make sure you’re answering every part of the essay prompt in your response.Most essay questions have multiple parts! You also want to elaborate- don’t just provide a list as a response or give a yes/no answer. The evaluators want to see that you’re thoughtful and have put time into your application. Another tip to keep in mind is to make your goals clear.Why do you want the Gates Scholarship? You don’t want to worry about paying for college, sure, but how will winning the scholarship affect your long-term and short-term academic and/or career goals? Most importantly, how will it enable you to be the person you want to be? You’ll get brownie points if your future goals include pursuing anunderrepresented field (i.e., computer science, education, engineering, library science, mathematics, public health, or science) or serving others in some capacity. The more thoughtful and clear you are in describing your goals in your essays, the more impressed the scholarship evaluators will be. You should also craft a narrative with your essays.Make sure that all your essays work together to tell a single unified, logical story. Before you start writing, come up with two to three points you want to get across about who you are. Maybe you want evaluators to know that you’re empathetic, hardworking, and interested in mental health. Or maybe you want them to know that you’re focused, ambitious, and passionate about social justice issues. The point is that all of your essays should ultimately serve to elucidate these points. On that same note, don't be afraid to brag (to an extent). You're allowed to bring up any honors, awards, accolades, promotions, or fancy titles you've received. You earned them- talk about them! It’s helpful to make a comprehensive of all these things before you start writing your essays so that you don’t forget anything important. That said, you should also be humble in your essays.Very few people can attribute their success solely to their own hard work. Did your family, friends, teachers, coaches, and/or mentors support you or offer guidance? Don’t be afraid to partially attribute your accomplishments to them, as well as to your own efforts. Evaluators won’t see this as a weakness but as insightful self-awareness. Finally, remember to stay positive. Be honest about anystruggles you've had but maintain a matter-of-fact tone. It's a smart idea to express optimism and a positive viewpoint about future outcomes and goals after you discuss any difficulties or disappointments. #3: Choose Your Recommenders Wisely Your recommenders will be expected to include detailed, glowing anecdotes and accounts of your personal relationships with others in addition to your academic and extracurricular performances. Therefore, it'd be ideal if you could ask someone who knows you in multiple contexts (e.g., a teacher who serves as a club head, coach, or personal mentor). This should also be an individual with whom you feel very comfortable. What's Next? One of the best ways to make yourself a strong Gates Scholarship applicant is to set your goals high by being a strong college applicant. Check out our expert guides to getting perfect SAT scores and ACT scores, and learn how to get into your top-choice colleges. Got more questions and Pell Grant eligibility since you have to meet these criteria in order to receive the Gates Scholarship?Read all about the Pell Grant and its eligibility criteria. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Major Works Data Sheet Essay Essays

Major Works Data Sheet Essay Essays Major Works Data Sheet Essay Paper Major Works Data Sheet Essay Paper In this column. take five citations from the text. one concentrating on each of the undermentioned literary elements: In this column. analyse the significance of your citations. Let the undermentioned inquiries to steer your responses: Why is this of import? What does this reveal? Why does the writer say it this manner? What is the tone/mood of this transition? Subject â€Å"Seek felicity in repose and avoid aspiration. †-Victor Frankenstein This is portion of the subject of the book. sometimes excessively much cognition is a bad thing. like the decease of Victors household members. He did non believe through the effects of making such a animal and therefore it led to the decease of his household. He now wishes that he had been happy and grateful for the life that he was populating alternatively of trying to change it. because so possibly his household would still be alive. Word picture â€Å"William. Justine. and Henry – they all died by my custodies. †-Victor Frankenstein This quotation mark is an look of the sorrow and the guilt that Victor feels for being the ground his household died. Because of the decease of his household he has a really Debbie Downer mentality on life and does non stop up doing the monstrous animal his comrade. Puting â€Å"When I looked around I saw and heard of none like me. Was I. the. a monster. a smudge upon the Earth from which all work forces fled and whom all work forces disowned? † – The monster. Chapter 13. page 105 The animal realizes what a monster he is. because everyone he encounters tallies from him in panic. He is lonely on this Earth and wants Victor to do him a comrade in female signifier. Symbolismâ€Å"What was I? Of my creative activity and Godhead I was perfectly nescient. but I knew that I possessed no money. no friends. and no sort of belongings. I was. besides. endued with a figure horridly deformed and loathsome†¦was I. so. a monster. a smudge upon the Earth. from which all work forces fled and whom all work forces disowned. â€Å" -The animal. chapter 13 Sometime after being created by Victor. the animal no longer thought that he was happy and did non understand why he was alive. He tried to suit in with the universe around him but everyone was afraid of him and at one point or another he merely gave up on seeking to suit in with society. In this quotation mark he explains his actions and the logical thinking behind them. Imagination â€Å"It was already one in the forenoon ; the rain pattered drearily against the window glasss. and my taper was about burnt out. when. by the gleam of the half-extinguished visible radiation. I saw the dull xanthous oculus of the animal open†¦Ã¢â‚¬  -Victor Frankenstein. Chapter 5 This is when Victor brings the animal to life. the animal that he has work infinitely. passing all of his clip on it. This scene is used in films to do audiences fear the monster that Victor created.

Leading Teams Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Leading Teams - Coursework Example a political reform. In a business point of view, a work team has members working independently on a common goal so as to produce a given output. However, a work group consists of two or more people working independently in their achievements, not necessarily working in the same department (Harvard Business School , 2013). In summary, a team works together with a common output whereas a group is more independent to one another. Logical/rational persuasion- presenting factual information and laying out unnecessary arguments is the best way to influence others. It includes putting emphasis on the positive benefits of the course of action. This technique is commonly used upwards like giving suggestions to executives on plan of actions (Hackman, 2002). Inspirational appeal- it is used in a downward fashion with the aim of influencing high performance in a group/team. The leader relates the desired outcome or activity to a set of values or ideals that are respected by the group. It appeals mostly to emotions, which are drivers of motivation. Consultation- it is a fancy word for seeking advice. Always make use of consultation when you are sure of what to do, but requesting how to do it. It works best because when one gives an input, they become more interested and committed to take the initiative. They feel appreciated and involved thus become motivated to pursue to its success. Hughes, R. L., Ginnett, C., R., Curphy, & J., G. (2012). Leadership: Enhancing the lessons of experience (7th ed.). New York: Hughes, R. L., Ginnett, R. C., & Curphy, G. J. (2012). Leadership: Enhancing the lessons of experience (7th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.

Analyse the strengths and weaknesses of using faith as a basis for Essay

Analyse the strengths and weaknesses of using faith as a basis for knowledge in religion and in one area of knowledge from the ToK diagram - Essay Example Such beliefs have been challenged by logical positivism and upheld by fideism (Moser, 2002, p.128). The truth and validity of such beliefs therefore depends on the strength of the argument whether for or against and evidence presented therein. Individual motives, attitudes and preferences have had significant impacts on both faith and religion. It is important to note that there exist different religions in the world that are based on the different understanding of faith across these religions. Faith in world religions is therefore a critical issue to consider in assessing and evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of using faith as a basis for knowledge in religion (Steup, 2001, p.47). Faith is defined as a conclusive belief that is not necessarily backed up by adequate evidence (Conee, 2004, p. 133). Provision of efficient evidence to a given scenario or phenomenon constitutes an explaining reason, and therefore faith is ruled out at that instance. Inadequate reason is the principle defining factor of faith. The strengths of faith in constituting knowledge in religion are discussed below: Faith is defined by individual preferences and attitudes, thereby building a specific religion in that process. Faith as aforementioned is not backed up by evidence but it is fundamentally a determinant of the many religions in the world. In the view of using faith as a basis for knowledge, decisions can be made on what constitutes knowledge in the context of faith. Since faith is already a conclusive belief, proof of faith is not a requirement in defining the resultant knowledge. Faith makes truth assertions without prior proof. In fact there are closely related sources of knowledge like mathematics and theology that makes similar assertions backed up by no proof. Reliance on leaps of faith therefore provides a strong basis for knowledge especially in religion, because religion is directly linked to faith

The Long Road Ahead Essay Example for Free

The Long Road Ahead Essay Good afternoon , I am James Brady. Born and raised in Akron,Ohio for the past 25 years. I am currently attending The University of Akron for my Bachelors in the science of nursing. My life has taken many different roads when it comes to career choices. I graduated from Garfield high school in 2006 where I took the vocation of Heating Cooling and Air Conditioning. After highschool I attended Mount Union where I played offensive guard for the football team. While attending Mount Union i was enrolled in the Police Academy, but unfortunate event happened. I took a cheap shot to the knee during a football game and was unable to continue playing. Along with losing my ability to play football, I also lost my first career choice. I decided to come back home to Akron and have my knee fixed. After knee surgery and rehab I got a job working at Goodyear as a chemical operator. Being 19 years old making good money i believed i was living my definition of the Dream. That dream of mine ended abruptly two years later when Goodyear had big layoffs. Being stuck without a job and a mortage payment, I began to reasse my life at this point. While sitting at the Drs office for a check up on my knee I started a conversation with a paramedic about possibly pursueing a career as a medic. The paramedic politely pushed me into becoming a nurse explaining to me all the different types of oppurtunitys there are in the nursing field. After a lot of conteplating, I decided to attend Akron School of Practical Nursing. ASPN was a 9 month accelerated LPN program , where I graduated with Honors and the class president. Shortly after school I got a job working at the Medina County Juvenile Detention Center as a nurse. Recieving my LPN license was just a stepping stone in my career path of becoming a BSN. After graduating from LPN school I started at the University of Akron where I was able to skip the waiting list and get right into the nursing program without a wait due to already having my nursing licenses as an LPN. So after the long road i have traveled since high school i am currently here today working at juvenile detention center, going to school full time and raising my son.

Thermodynamics :: physics science

Thermodynamics can be defined as the science of energy. Although every body has a feeling of what energy is, it is difficult to give a precise definition for it. Energy can be viewed as the ability to cause changes. The name thermodynamics stems from the Greek words therme (heat) and dynamics (power), which is most descriptive of the early efforts to convert heat into power. Today the same name is broadly interpreted to include all aspects of energy and energy transformations, including power generation, refrigeration, and relationships among the properties of matter. One of the most fundamental laws of nature is the conservation of energy principle. It simply states that during an interaction, energy can change from one form to another but the total amount of energy remains constant. Energy can not be created or destroyed. A rock falling off a cliff, for example, picks up speed as result of its potential energy being converted to kinetic energy. Although the principles of thermodynamics have been in existence since the creation of the universe, thermodynamics did not emerge as a science until the construction of the first successful atmospheric steam engines in England by Thomas Savery in 1607 and Thomas Newcomen in 1712. These engines were very slow and inefficient, but they opened the way for the development of a new science: Thermodynamics. All applications in nature involve some interaction between energy and matter; thus, it is hard to imagine an area that does not relate to thermodynamics in some matter. Therefore, developing a good understanding of basic principles of thermodynamics has long been an essential part of engineering education. Thermodynamics is commonly encountered in many engineering systems and other aspects of life, and one does not need to go very far to see some application areas of it. In fact, one does not need to go anywhere. The heart is constantly pumping blood to all parts of the human body, various energy conversions occur in trillions of body cells, and the body heat generated is constantly rejected to the environment. The human comfort is closely tied to the rate of this metabolic heat rejection. We try to control this heat transfer rate by adjusting our clothing to the environmental conditions. Other applications of thermodynamics are right where one lives. An ordinary house is, in some respects, an exhibition hall filled with wonders of thermodynamics. Many ordinary household utensils and appliances are designed, in whole or in part, by using the principles of thermodynamics.

6 Sigma in Banking

Six sigma concept with banking system Finance industry is considerably applying six sigma quality processes with aim of eliminating defects. Earlier six sigma was used only in the field of production, but now it is also used in service industry. Banks have tried to implement 6? by paying attention to customer complaint, time needed for crediting process and time needed for feedback and ultimately they found that 6? is also applicable in financial organization. After implementation of 6? the realization of improvement was done by using DMAIC model, where the process was recorded according to SIPOC model. PARETO method helped to identify the influence of problematic causes and ISHIKAWA model was used in identification of sample root Banks made the first significant step towards 6? with the implementation of ISO 9000:2000 standards. While moving forward with ISO standards, banks started a parallel process which includes PARETO method, measuring customer satisfaction, and audit system an d complaint management with an intention to increase customer satisfaction level.By completing this they received the knowledge on green belt without even knowing it. Now-a-days it is easy to monitor and control the quality process by using SPC. The activities were conducted by using software of CIM College, for whose usage the participants were trained and the activities involved are- * Finding the spot for improvement in order to accomplish greater customer satisfaction * Introduction of following clients need * Establishing direct communication with users of bank’s services * Interviewing of physical person, user of banks services in officesQuestionnaires for measuring customer’s satisfaction are handed over to clients and the results were processed by using the software. To increase the overall satisfaction banks have defined the future quality goals * Simplification of service providing by removing activities to 20% which don’t make additional value of the total process * Increasing customer’s satisfaction by 50% every year for next 2 years to achieve 95% satisfaction evel by the next years * Decreasing mistakes by 50% every year * Increase service faster by 20% each year * Increase profit by share- 10%more than previous year Managers through this CIM software and analyzing the STORY BOARD for crediting process can view the achievements and results of quality process. Further the documentation from a client is done only once and the information are transferred into electronic form and sent to Crediting Board for approval.

Macy’s Private Label Case Study Essay

There are several private labels and several independent brand labels within Macy’s often amongst each other as a clever marketing technique. However what will attract customers to Macy’s is not the high priced brands but rather their private label brands that often closely mock the established brand style but for a much cheaper price point. People shopping at Macy’s are seeking a deal; otherwise they could shop at Nordstrom’s for a pair of 150-dollar jeans so people often come for the private labels. Macy’s private labels are very clever because of their strategic placing which leads me to say that the private labels are more lucrative to the company than the major brands are. Starting with major brand DKNY which Macy’s sells their mission statement is, â€Å"The mission of the Donna Karan Company, as a design driven company, is to represent the international pulse of New York in the design, marketing and delivery of a complete lifestyle system to a global customer†. DKNY is all about marketing to the New York style consumer who keeps up with East Coast styles and also runs on the more expensive side with a dress averaging around 200 dollars and jeans around 150 dollars. Although the brand is very trendy and made with quality materials one would expect at that price, it simply isn’t really the Macy’s target market. Macy’s consumer expects to shop for deals on the cheaper end as opposed to going to a competitor on the pricey side such as Nordstrom or Bloomingdales. However Macy’s is very strategic in the placing of this brand because it’s generally right next to their private label INC and that proves smart because someone who loves a 300-dollar dress from DKNY can walk over a few feet to INC and find one very similar for much, much less. INC is also urban inspired young contemporary clothing however at a much cheaper price point than the clothing at DKNY. The average price for a dress from the INC department at Macy’s costs from 70-100 dollars. Macy’s is very strategic in merchandising and generally will place INC directly next to brands such as DKNY so that when someone falls in love with that 300 dollar cocktail dress they can ask an associate for something similar and walk a few feet over to the INC department and get the same look for about 200 dollars less. This is smart because Macy’s typical consumer is on the lower end of the financial spectrum and they know people want expensive looks for less money. They use the name brands as bait and lure shoppers in to ultimately buy something from a similar private label, which consumers love because they feel like they are getting a great deal. The INC marketing strategy is very clever and brings in more money than their brand name labels. Overall, INC has the better marketing strategy between the two labels because although people value quality they will take a great deal even if it means sacrificing a bit of quality. The clothing is just as trendy and it’s what ultimately brings in Macy’s target market consumers because they are generally shopping for a great deal. This strategy of using brand names as bait has been the central reason for their success because their goal of maintaining reasonable price points for their customers is prevalent through their private label brands. It’s similar to if you are at the grocery store and want a box of Lucky Charms for 4 dollars then next to it is the same cereal but the store’s private label brand such as Kirkland for only 2 dollars. It’ll taste just a little bit different but not enough to tell the difference off the bat. INC clearly isn’t the same quality of material as a 300-dollar DKNY dress; however at a glance no one can really tell if it’s DKNY or INC it just looks good and this is what matters to consumers at the end of the day. Macy’s should implement more private label brands because these are what make the sales for them. INC wins over DKNY because someone shopping at Macy’s is statistically proven due to finances to be more likely to buy a less expensive private label brand than the pricey brand name item.

Striving for Freedom essays

Striving for Freedom essays In The Time Of The Butterflies by Julia Alverez displays the horific events in the Dominican Republic with Trujillo in power and the outcome of the Mirable sisters words and actions to stand up for their beliefs. All four sisters have different outlooks and ways of standing up for their morals, some sisters more involved than others. When Minerva is at Inmaculada school and performs at the performance with Sinita , they realize that if they win the contest, they will perform for Trujillo in the capital. The play has a theme of winning independence and although they did not say anything bad about the government, it was a hidden protest and Minerva decided to take a risk. In Martin Luther Kings Explanation of Nonviolent Resistance, he explains The non violent resister is not physically aggressive, but is constantly persuading his opponent that he is wrong and constantly seeking to open the eyes of the prejudice. Minerva is not aggressive towards Trujillo, she is simply revealing the determination to overcome his hate to the audience. While Minerva was sneaking out of school to see Elsas grandfather and learning about Trujillos cruelty, Maria Teresa was shocked that Minerva would risk her life. When Maria asked why she was doing such a dangerous thing Minerva replied I want you to grow up in a free country(39). Mi nerva knows that she is risking her life but knows that she will make a difference following her principles and ethics. In her eyes, getting involved using non violent resistance will make more of a difference than watching the same prejudice happen repetitively in centuries to come. Maria is fearful of what might happen to her if she gets involved and comments that she still loves her president, just like she would her dad if he did something wrong(40).She does not realize what a difference Minervas actions are making for their country in the present time and in ...

Advisor vs. Adviser, Advice vs. Advise

Advisor vs. Adviser, Advice vs. Advise Advisor vs. Adviser, Advice vs. Advise Advisor vs. Adviser, Advice vs. Advise By Michael When you advise someone, you give advice. One is a verb, the other is a noun. And where does advice come from? Good advice is offered by advisers/advisors. The spelling is the only difference between those two words, and usually adviser and advisor mean the same thing. Spelling it with an e is more common, but either spelling is correct. The spellchecker in my computer marks advisor as incorrect. The words advice and advise can be confused. As I just said, one is a verb, the other is a noun. Fortunately, theyre spelled slightly differently and pronounced slightly differently. Advice, spelled with a c, has an s sound. Advise, spelled with an s, has a z sound. When the word is spelled with a c, its advice, a noun a recommendation of what to do. When the word is spelled with an s, its advise, a verb to give a recommendation of what to do. Too bad theyre not both spelled phonetically. It would be nice if we could be talking about advise vs advize. But we cant. There is no such word as advize. Or advicer. These words can be somewhat formal: How would you advise me? is less casual than What do you think I should do? And the word adviser is even more formal, especially with the less common spelling of advisor. Heads of state have advisers to help them make decisions. In the medieval Islamic world, they were called viziers, and theoretically the Ottoman sultan governed only through the Grand Vizier. Of course, heads of state are not the only ones who need advice. Advice can be minor, as in If you want my advice, pick up a crab behind the head, and not always major, as in My advice is to never fight a land war in Asia. But if someone advises you that your shoelace is untied, you wouldnt call them your adviser. Definitions of Advise, Advice and Adviser advice a recommendation, a wise suggestion of what to do. Good advice will help you as long as you listen to it and follow it. advise to give advice, to counsel, to suggest or recommend a proper course of action. adviser/advisor someone who gives advice, counsel, or guidance, often in an official capacity. Right/Wrong Examples of the Use of Advise and Advice Right: I would advise people not to step on bees with their bare feet. (Advise is a verb. Saying I would advise is more deferential than I advise because it does not directly tell someone what they should do.) Wrong: I adviced him to bet on the old gray nag in the second race. (There is no such verb as adviced, and old horses usually dont win races.) Right: My advice is not to step on a bee with your bare feet. (Correct, advice is a noun and can be given away.) Wrong: If you want my advise, dont you step on bees at all. (Advise is not a noun, so you cant give it to someone. Otherwise, good advice.) Right: His advisers cautioned him to wear shoes. (An adviser tries to give helpful recommendations.) Wrong: I hired one of those so-called fashion advicers but they were too fancy for me. (Its adviser not advicer.) Where Did These Words Come From? When I started writing this article, I was sure I knew the origins of these words. I was sure there was an ancient Latin word advisere, from the Latin roots ad to, toward and visere to see. The prefix ad appears in adhere stick to and admire gaze, look at. But maybe I was wrong. First of all, the Latin word for to see is videre, not visere. But I was ready to explain that an adviser helps you see more clearly, and so on. More likely, these words come from the French. The word vis usually meant face, but it also meant opinion. Phrases such as à §o mest vis or il m’est avis que mean In my view or It seems to me that By the late 14th century in England, avis gained the meaning of opinion worth listening to, counsel worth following. But around the 16th century, English scholars must have said, Those French people are spelling it wrong. It must have come from the Latin word advisere and needs a d. Norwegians must have made the same assumption, or else borrowed the English assumption, because the Norwegian word for to advise is advisere. By the way, though an vizier was an adviser, that word has a different origin: the Arabic wazir one who carries [the burdens of government]. We can thank the editors and printers of early modern England for giving different spellings to advise and advice and to other easily-confused noun/verb pairs, using s for verbs and c for nouns. Some of these distinctions have been lost in American English: in practice/practise and license/licence, we use the first spelling for both verbs and nouns. Is There a Difference between Adviser and Advisor? Both spellings mean the same thing, though adviser is more common. But there is a technical difference when talking about financial advisors. First, let me point out that trademark laws inspire new spellings and phrases. You cant trademark a common word. If you mix alcoholic drinks behind a bar, I guess that makes you a bartender, and if youre doing the work of a bartender, the International Bartenders Association wont keep you from calling yourself one, even if youre not a member of their association. But if they invented an uncommon term, such Certified Liquor Technician, they could trademark that title, and allow only their members to use it. For example, in America, the National Association of REALTORS ® has trademarked the word Realtor. Usually such a word would end with er not or, though this spelling was used in Congress as early as 1919, and mocked in Sinclair Lewiss novel Babbit in 1922. But using the less-common spelling, and especially capitalizing it, makes it more proprietary. After all, any licensed people who sell buildings or land, or who help people buy buildings or land, can call themselves real estate agents. In Britain, they are called estate agents. But only members of the National Association of REALTORS ® can call themselves realtors. By all means, dont call yourself a realter that word means to alter again. Wait, that might work in the home remodeling industry. In fact, an expert at home remodeling can become a Certified Graduate Remodelor (CGR) but only after meeting the requirements set by the Remodelors Council. Note the o again. In the United States, the â€Å"Investment Advisers Act of 1940† regulates investment advisers. Note the spelling. So if you advise people about how to keep a budget or to get out of debt, you might want to call yourself an advisor to make it clearer that youre not selling advice about stocks and bonds. If you’re a stock broker youre helping people to buy stocks but not telling them what to buy you might call yourself an â€Å"advisor.† But if youre a Registered Investment Adviser and really do provide investment advice, it doesnt matter how you spell it or what you call it: you would be subject to that 1940 law (if youre working in the United States I havent actually read the law). The Relationship of Advise, Advice, and Adviser You can often turn a verb about doing something into a noun about a person who does it, by adding -er to the end of the verb. For example, the verb to farm is an activity done by a farmer. A farmer farms. He or she practices farming. We can do that with the verb advise by adding er or or, Advising is done by an adviser. Advisers advise. Advisers give advice. It may seem like advice is a noun that has a verb form, but its really the other way around. The verb advise came first, Advice is the result of advising. Thats why there are advisers but not advicers. Like -er, the word endings -or or even -ar can also be used to make a noun that means someone who does something, who practices a verb. A director directs, an editor edits, and an educator educates. A beggar begs, a liar lies, and a burglar burgles (well, he does). Sometimes the original verb has become obscured by time. In classical Latin, a doctor was a teacher, someone who practiced the verb docere, to teach. But these three endings are not always related to verbs. They can also be used for someone associated with something a prisoner lives in a prison, a jeweler works with jewelry, a registrar keeps a registry. Advice vs Advise Quiz For each sentence, select which word should be used: 1. The Secretary of War gave his [advice/advise]: it would not be smart to deploy their full army to one area. advise advice 2. Teachers will [advice/advise] you that doing your homework will improve your grades. advise advice 3. I do not [advice/advise] letting children play in the woods without taking a bath afterwards. advise advice 4. When his [advice/advise] caused his client to lose half his savings, the investment adviser lost his client. advise advice Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should Avoid50 Synonyms for "Assistant"The Difference Between "Un-" and "Dis-"

Sustainability with Different Energy Sources Research Paper

Sustainability with Different Energy Sources - Research Paper Example It is therefore necessary to implement measures aimed at sustaining the energy under consideration. This paper takes a stand that energy is a very important element that helps in sustaining life, and making it easier. The term sustainability has a wide reaching effect on the various disciplines that are associated with it. The term sustainability refers to a variety of changes that occurs within a given population and this population is able to maintain these changes over a given period of time. Energy is a very important element that helps in sustaining the life and activities of human beings. People use energy in their day to day activities, and this includes firewood, electricity, solar energy, etc (Beggs, 39). Energy can be used for purposes of lighting homes, cooking food, and even in the manufacturing sector. Another term that directly relates to sustainability is sustainable practices. These are activities, which are responsible for the conservation and utilization of energy products and substances. Sustainable practices is not only limited to energy products, but it also involves other aspects such as protection, and preservation of the environment, health, etc (Simon, 39). Sustainability of energy refers to the methods and ways of preserving the productive capacity of the energy, for purposes of using it to the foreseeable future. This aspect of sustainability includes all the activities that human beings initiate for purposes of preserving energy. This includes the prudent use of natural resources that have the capability of producing energy. These resources are firewood, rivers, and the solar system. The activities that human beings can initiate for purposes of sustaining and preserving energy includes the enactment of laws that prevent illegal logging, and cutting down of trees. This is because trees are an important source of energy, and they help in the

2004 Starbucks Comprehensive Valuation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

2004 Starbucks Comprehensive Valuation - Essay Example A strategic analysis will review how Starbucks is moving towards achieving the company's mission and vision.The company's objective in the 2004 report of making Starbucks "the most recognized and respected brand in the world, to continue rapid expansion of retail operations and selectively pursue opportunities to leverage the brand through new products andnew channels of distribution" (SCC 13) is almost the same as the 1997 vision and mission, and show that Starbucks remains strategically focused and have clear, measurable targets.One target Starbucks finds achievable (SCC 17) is "to operate 15,000 retail locations in the United States and at least 15,000 stores in International markets." The company had 8,569 stores by October 3, 2004, up by 18.6% from 7,225 in 2003 (SCC 12-13). This is 25.8% of the target and if they continue growing 18.6% a year, they will reach 30,000 by 2012.In 2004, Starbucks tapped high traffic areas by opening drive-thru stores and specialty coffee shops (SCC 13), increased store licensing activities (SCC 14) in the U.S. and abroad, and ventured with Kraft, Jim Beam, Visa, and XM Satellite Radio to leverage brand strength, invent new products, tap new distribution channels, and sell other products like music CDs and specialty teas (SCC 15). Strategically, Starbucks is on the right path as it makes the right moves on the way to achieving its mission and vision. Financial analysis will focus on sales and profit growth and managing financial risks to see if its strategy of increasing stores leads to higher sales and profits. After all, part of their strategy is to leverage their competitive advantage: the unique Starbucks brand of coffee experience that can be enjoyed only in their stores (Schultz 249-254). Financial data (SCC 19-23) showed that as the number of stores grew 18.9%, so did Starbucks's sales (up 29.9%), operating income (up 43.8%), earnings before income tax (up 43.1%), and net earnings after tax (up 46.2%), which proves that increasing the number of stores increased Starbucks's sales and profits. The first part of our financial analysis proves that Starbucks's strategy is sound and consistent: sales and profit growth will generate the capital needed to put up new stores and create the momentum for ever higher sales and profits. There are two reasons for analyzing how Starbucks manages financial risks. Starbucks is a global corporation, doing business outside the U.S. (buying raw materials from and having stores in other countries), so it has to manage risks that can affect sales and profits. Second, its vision is to have the same number of stores in and outside the U.S. Although U.S. stores currently outnumber international stores by 2.5 to 1 (SCC 16) and U.S. revenues account for 85% of net revenues (SCC 20), as the company grows to 30,000 stores, their revenues outside the U.S. will grow and make risk management important. The report (SCC 24-25 and 34-35) shows that Starbucks is managing its foreign currency (exchange rate fluctuations), equity security price (investments in mutual funds, though minimal), and interest rate (investment-grade fixed income instruments, also minimal) risks with the right financial instruments. It also manages other risks like cost of raw materials, product warranties (espresso machines), and off-balance sheet transactions (SCC 24).

The dialog between jonathan cullers essay and to the light house

The dialog between jonathan cullers and to the light house - Essay Example Stream of consciousness is the technique used by Woolf to explore the thought processes of the characters. However, Woolf does not employ it in the fragmented prose form that is identified with James Joyce. Instead she brings order within the disorderly working of individual consciousness by making her prose lyrical. Through apt and vivid imagery, Woolf is able to knit together the disjointed thoughts of several of the novel’s characters into a unifying whole. What emerge through this exercise are themes of human loneliness, insecurity, loss, anguish and longing. But the overall experience of the novel is far from tragic. To the contrary, the reader is taken on an intimate journey into the most personal and most inaccessible reaches of the character’s inner churnings. A successful cathartic effect is experienced by the reader through the linguistic virtuosity of Woolf. â€Å"Literariness is often said to lie above all in the organization of language that makes literature distinguishable from language used for other purposes. Literature is language that ‘foregrounds’ language itself: makes it strange, thrusts it at you – ‘Look I’m language!’ – so you can’t forget that you are dealing with language shaped in odd ways.† (p.28) Woolf’s prose style is exemplary in achieving this form of foregrounding. She accomplishes this through various stylistic and thematic features. Through lyrical exposition of inner monologues, Woolf deliberates on subjects as profound as ‘the meaning of life. The foregrounding of language in general and English in particular is evident from how it is made the only possible medium of communication. Moreover, one can see how the literary form of the novel itself is foreground even if not intended by the author. For example, the following is an illustration of a stream of consciousness which only works on

Genetically modified food Essay Example for Free

Genetically modified food Essay The past score of years has witnessed the astonishing revolution in the scope of plant breeding technologies. The biological technologies have regularly been utilized to create new gene combinations for progressing crop diversities. This intentionally modified by the manipulation of the DNA, and transformation of certain genes to create new variations of life, which called genetically modified (GM) food. There is presently some debate about whether to accept GM food. The disadvantages of GM food are labelling issue and transformation of certain genes might lead to environmental issues. Nevertheless, there are also a number of crucial advantages such as farmers could improve their economic benefits and GM food could improve the nutritional quality to prevent disease. Therefore, this essay will argue that GM food has obvious benefits to the society because it can improve economic benefits by trading and decrease allergenic. GM food has some negative consequences for society. The main adverse effect is that GM food may has mandatory labelling scheme issues. Research has shown that some manufacturers realize that implement a mandatory labelling scheme could cost a fortune (Steiner 2000, p. 158; Uzogara 2000, p. 188). Moreover, labelling of GM food could remind consumer these products are biotech, and this could lead to customer losses (Uzogara 2000, p. 188). Then, the concept of mandatory labelling scheme for GM food in some countries is uncertainty (Steiner 2000, p. 158). For example, manufacturers use misleading and confusing labelling to muddle the consumer such as ‘may contain genetically modified material’ (Steiner 2000, p. 158). Indeed, labelling issue for GM food is extremely difficult to implement in some countries, governments may promulgate a series of legislation to implementation. Secondly, transformation of new DNA technology used to create GM food that has environmental risks. This involves monarch butterfly early death and threatens beneficial insects, which would seriously destroy the balance of the ecosystem. Some species are suffering from premature death after insects fed by GM crops, and also this might result in difficulty in reproduction such as monarch butterfly and green lacewing insects (Steiner 2000, p. 153). Furthermore, Lemaux (2009, p. 528) has reported an experiment, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in genetically engineered (GE) corn pollen could lead to colony collapse disorder that  accelerate the bees’ decline. It can be seen then that mandatory labelling scheme issue and environmental threats could give rise to some negative aspects for GM food. If one looks closely at the literature on this topic, nevertheless, there are a number of significant advantage points to GM food. One of these is that GM food could improve farmers’ economic benefits. According to Uzogara (2000, p. 193), GM food could be converted from annuals to perennials that would increase crop yields during the year. Perennial crops would lead to increased labor allocation, reduced labor costs, decreased fertilizer use and cost of production for farmers to make more economic profits (Uzogara 2000, pp. 193-194). For example, according to USDA surveys from 2001 to 2003, 79% of US farmers who choose Bt corn to increase yields (Lemaux 2009, p. 536). He also states that the Zaragoza region is one of the three leading GE corn-growing regions in Spanish and has at least 11.8% yield increase. Indeed, the profitability of farmers’ growth is approximately $69 per acre per year higher than conventional farmers (Lemaux 2009, p. 536). Especially, farmers in developing countries realized the most significant economic benefits from GM rice because large-scale farmers have higher yields and less infestation (Lemaux 2009, p. 536). This evidence shows that GF food farming is a potentially high profit margin business, and profitability often depends on factors relating to crop yield and pest infestation. Thus, GM food could change the status quo to achieve the highest profitability for farmers. Allied to this is the further advantage of GM food which could improve nutritional food quality. This involves nutritional content and health-enhancing properties of particular foods that might solve malnutrition and population health problems in developing countries. Uzogara (2000, p. 194) states that GM crops would help the population to reach their daily based requirements and prevent malnutrition. For example, cassava has been genetically modified to have a higher nutrient value (Anon cited in Uzogara 2000, p. 194). Furthermore, the nutritionally enhanced crops like iron, vitamin A and Beta-carotene dense rice could help alleviate malnutrition (Bouis 2007, pp. 80-83). For instance, according to research, approximately three million preschool children in developing countries are suffering from vitamin A deficiency that could lead to visible eye damage,  however, GM rice can increase vitamin A and iron which could prevent blindness (Bouis 2007, pp. 82-86; Ferber cited in Uzogara 2000, p. 194). It is clear that farmers could gain significant economic benefits through GM food because it would increase the yield and reduce labor costs, and nutritionally enhanced crops could help the population to prevent disease or malnutrition. Consequently, although GM food as one kind of biological technologie can have some negative outcomes for labelling and environment issues, GM food arguably has more positive effects. The effect of global trading that is a significant benefit to improve economy. The USA is the dominant exporter of both GM soybeans and GM maize, which are account for 76% of GM maize and 50% of GM soybeans exports (Nielsen et al. 2003, p. 780). He also claims that high-income Asia is the main importer of GM maize and GM soybeans that are 41% and 30% respectively. Moreover, Nabradi Popp (2011, p. 8) report that GM crops account for a great proportion from global trading that providing significant export profits for many countries. For example, The United States, Argentina and Brazil are the world’s three largest GM soybean and GM maize exporters with above 90% and 80% share of world soybean and maize trade (Nabradi Popp 2011, pp. 9-10). Similarly, the volume of global soybean trade increased from 85.4 to 87.9 million tonnes from 2009 to 2011, and the volume of global maize trade increased from 86 to 88.5 million tonnes in three years (Nabradi Popp 2011, p. 10). They also indicate that China has significant soybean importing volume that from 46 to 49 million tonnes during three years. Further to this, eliminating allergens as a result of GM food has been one of the prominent concerns among food quality and human health. Allergenic foods usually contain multiple allergens, such as milk, soy, peanut, crustaceans, fish, egg and tree nuts. According to Herman (2003, p. 1318), using GM to remove intrinsic allergens from soybeans that present in thousands of processed and prepared foods in developed and developing countries. He also claims that eliminate allergens from GM soybeans that has high relationship to the development of GM crops, and transgenic soybeans is a first step in solving food allergies (Herman 2003, p. 1 319). Otherwise, the alternative GM method to remove the allergen from food, for instance, some experiments to use gene suppression technology  attempts to reduce and/or eliminate allergens in rye and rice seed, and even use this measure to suppress an allergen in shrimp that is potentially dangerous to sensitive people (Herman 2003, p. 1319). Plausibly, GM food may eliminate allergen from all of food that would help people to stay away from food allergies. Although some argue that GM food may has some negative impacts to mandatory labelling scheme, there is considerable labelling of GM food still has positive impacts on consumer and manufacturers. Uzogara (2000, p. 188) claims that labelling for GM food would enable the consumer to avoid ethical, cultural, or religious reasons by certain foods. For example, Jews and Muslims usually insist on Kosher and Halal foods because the purity of this food can be guaranteed, which not contain pig genes (Uzogara 2000, p. 187). He further maintains that product quality can be improved by labelling, for instance, improved favour, longer shelf-life, and build brand identity. Similarly, according to General Labelling Directive, labelling for GM food that means this can be guaranteed by European regulation, and consumer can trust the information on the products (Andersen 2010, p. 139). Furthermore, while some authors claim that GM food has negative impacts on environment, Uzogara (2000, p. 195) indicates that GM food has still environmental benefits include protection against plant diseases, improvement of saline soil, and herbicide tolerance. GM food like tomatoes, squash and corn become virus resistant that against GM food destroying viruses or viral diseases (Uzogara 2000, p. 195). According to Bouis (2007, p. 80), GM crops can improve soil conditioning that is changing highly saline soils. Then, herbicides are effective against several target weeds also cuts conventional herbicide use significantly (Uzogara 2000, p. 195). While discussing GM food may has some negative impacts to mandatory labelling scheme and environment issues, the considerable positive consequences to improve global trading and remove intrinsic allergens can never be neglected. In conclusion, GM food clearly has advantages on economy and human health. While GM food lead to the mandatory labelling scheme hard to implement and has threats to the environment, success in the labelled GM food let some consumer more easier to choose food and make the crops stronger to against different threats. Furthermore, GM food References: Andersen, LB 2010, The EU rules on labelling of genetically modified foods: mission accomplished?, European Food Feed Law Review, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 136-143, viewed 8 November 2014. Bouis, HE 2007, The potential of genetically modified food crops to improve human nutrition in developing countries, Journal of Development Studies, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 79-96, viewed 28 October 2014. Herman, EM 2003, Genetically modified soybeans and food allergies, Journal Of Experimental Botany, vol. 54, no. 386, pp. 1317-1319, viewed 12 November 2014. Lemaux, PG 2009, Genetically engineered plants and foods: a scientists analysis of the issues (Part II), Annual Review Of Plant Biology, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 511-559, viewed 11 November 2014. Nabradi, A Popp, J 2011, Economics of GM crop cultivation, APSTRACT: Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 07-19, viewed 10 November 2014. Steiner, MP 2000, Food flight the changing landscape of genetically modified foods and the law, Review Of European Community International Environmental Law, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 152-160, viewed 11 November 2014. Uzogara, SG 2000, ‘The impact of genetic modification of human foods in the 21st century: A review’, Biotechnology Advances, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 179-206, viewed 3 November 2014.